ザマックとは？ザマックとは何か？

合金は、繊細な電子部品や自動車に使われる重量部品の開発に大きく貢献している。例えば、ザマックメタルは多くの産業のあり方を静かに変えてきた。 この金属が有名なのは、強度が高く、成形が容易で汎用性が高いからだ。ザマックという言葉はドイツ語に由来し、亜鉛、アルミニウム、マグネシウム、銅を表している。20世紀初頭、真鍮合金の製造は、それまでの亜鉛ベースの製品に見られた脆さを改善することを目的としていた。

今日、ザマックは自動車、電子機器、ハードウェアの製造に広く使用されている。その頑丈な構造と、わずかな作業で滑らかに仕上がることの両方が評価されている。アルミニウムは溶けやすいため、他の材料に比べて製造に必要なエネルギーが少なくて済み、リサイクルできるのも魅力です。ザマック3はザマック5より柔らかく、ザマック12はザマック5より強いというように、ザマックのグレードによってさまざまなニーズに対応しています。ザマック金属で作られた家庭用品や工業製品のほとんどは、実用的で品質が良いため、製造業のニーズの高まりに応えている。

ここでは、ザマックメタルの素材、ザマック3、ザマック5、ザマック12などの種類、機能、プラスとマイナスについて説明する。

ザマックは亜鉛合金の一種

ザマックは亜鉛に少量のアルミニウム、マグネシウム、銅を混ぜて作られる。ザマックという言葉は、ジンク（Zink）、アルミニウム（Aluminum）、マグネシウム（Magnesium）、クプファー（Kupfer）の頭文字をとったもので、これらは関係する金属のドイツ語名である。その高品質な鋳造と外観から、ザマック金属は自動車、電子機器、家具、消費財の製造に人気がある。

ダイカストと呼ばれるプロセスにより、ザマック・メタルは複雑で強度が高く、コスト効率の高い部品を成形することができる。ザマックを曲げて、完成品のような形をした鋼鉄の型にすることは、高圧で行われるため、最小限の機械加工しか必要とせず、多くの複雑な形状を非常に短時間で作り出すことができる。溶融温度（約385℃）が低いため、亜鉛は鋳造工場で鋼やアルミニウムなどの金属よりも効率的に成形できます。

ザマックとは何か？

ザマックとは、主な金属を意味するドイツ語から作られた名称である：Zink（亜鉛）、Aluminium（アルミニウム）、Magnesium（マグネシウム）、Kupfer（銅）。1920年代、ニュージャージー・ジンク社は、一部の亜鉛合金に見られる脆さを克服するためにザマックを開発しました。ザマックは高品質の亜鉛で、他の材料よりも優れたダイカスト鋳造が可能です。

ザマック・メタルに含まれる通常の元素は、96%の亜鉛、4%のアルミニウム、少量のマグネシウムと銅である。この混合物の結果、その金属製品は非常に強く、長持ちし、高い精度で正確な形状に成形することができる。

ザマックメタルのポイント

ザマックメタルの特長は、鋳造が非常に簡単なことだ。製造業者は、他の材料では価格が高くなったり、製造が難しくなったりするような薄い壁の形状を、アルミニウムから作り出すことができる。さらに、ザマックは表面が研磨されているため、塗装やメッキが必要な部品に適しています。

もうひとつの利点は、鋼鉄はその形状を保つということだ。ザマックは形が変わりにくいため、自動車や電子機器の製造によく使われている。

重さの割に強度があり、魅力的な素材だ。ザマックはアルミと違って重さはあまりないが、それなりの耐久性があるため、扱いやすさが求められるアイテムに重宝される。

ザマックメタルの用途

ザマックメタルは優れた機械的特性を持つため、多くの製品に使用されている。この業界では、ステンレス鋼はドアハンドル、ミラー、いくつかの内装部品に見られます。様々な電子部品にザマックが使用されているのは、ザマックが精密で熱に強いからである。

The furniture sector uses zamak because it is so versatile, fitting into hinges, brackets, and other decorations. Many fancy pieces in fashion include zamak since it is shiny and does not get tarnished easily.

鋳造によるザマックメタルの製造工程

1.合金の準備

To produce zamak metal, you need to combine zinc, aluminum, magnesium and copper in the right ratios. To extract metals from these ones, the raw materials are melted at moderate temperatures. The right ratios are necessary to ensure that zamak 3, zamak 5 and zamak 12 provide the desired qualities.

2.溶融

The blend of materials is put into a furnace and brought up to the zamak melting point of 385°C (725°F). During this step, the alloy flows very well and is therefore excellent for high-pressure die casting.

3.ダイカスト

The zamak is melted and then put into a die casting machine to be injected into a metal mold. Thanks to this process, items are shaped into very detailed and sturdy forms. Depending on how the casting will be used, manufacturers select from products classified as zamak 3, zamak 5, or zamak 12, since each is meant for a different purpose.

4.注入と流出

As soon as the zamak is injected, cooling the mold causes the metal to harden fast. After removing the part from the mold, it may not need machining because the alloy has a clean finish.

5.仕上げとメッキ

When the model is cast, it might be polished, painted, or electroplated in materials such as nickel or chrome. The processes improve the look and resilience to corrosion of the manufactured product, mostly when used outside.

ザマックメタルの用途

Zamak metal is used in several industries because of its superior casting, its strong properties and attractive smoothness. Even in the automotive industry, zamak metal plays a key role by being useful and attractive.

1.自動車産業

Many door handles, emblems, mirror housings and interior details in motor vehicles are manufactured using zamak metal. Because it can be designed intricately and held to small measurements, it’s useful in parts that are either noticeable or not. The reason Zamak 5 is used most often here is that it is more durable and wears less easily.

2.家電製品

Its stable dimensions and smooth appearance allow zamak to be used in electronic devices, phones, and products for home appliances. Zamak 3 is most commonly used because it performs well in die casting and produces a smooth surface.

3.家具および装飾金物

Zamak is also often employed when making fittings for furniture such as drawer pulls, hinges, and cabinet handles. Zamak metal attracts buyers with its stylish appearance and the fact that it lasts for a long time. Zamak 12 can be employed when a component needs to be stronger.

4.装置と機械

For tools and parts that won’t be exposed to high temperatures, Zamak 5 and Zamak 12 are popular due to how strong and hard they are. For example, housings, brackets, locks, and precise components are often found in rotating equipment.

5.配管器具

Many bathroom fixtures use Zamak because it is resistant to corrosion and can hold a well-applied plated finish. Depending on how the product needs to function, it may use Zamak 3 or Zamak 5 for these parts

ザマック・グレードに注目ザマック3、ザマック5、ザマック12

Different grades of zamak are available for use in different applications. The most popular cast metals in the industry are Zamak 3, Zamak 5, and Zamak 12. They are suited to specific tasks due to their particular traits.

ザマック3：標準合金

More of all zamak alloys are made with Zamak 3 than with any other type. It helps set the reference for rating other grades. Most (96%) of a galvanized steel rod is zinc, while the remaining 4% is aluminum, with almost no copper or magnesium. Zamak 3 is popular because it combines strength, flexibility and the ability to be cast well.

Zamak 3 is preferred by many manufacturers as it handles complex shapes and provides strength. Due to its ability to meet both mechanical and surface needs, it is often used for die-casting purposes.

ザマック5：強度と靭性が向上。

Compared to Zamak 3, Zamak 5 has a slightly higher concentration of copper. Zamak 5, therefore works well for parts that are required to be tough and have excellent performance.

Still, having a greater strength slightly reduces how ductile and suitable the metal is for casting. This is why Zamak 5 is suitably used for mechanical parts in items like industrial tools, gears, and car connectors.

Zamak 5 is popular with many manufacturers, who like having a stronger form of the base alloy.

ザマック12：強度と耐摩耗性

If the application is particularly tough, Zamak 12 is much stronger and more durable. Since it contains more aluminum and copper than Zamak 3 and zamak 5 alloys, zamak 7 has a more durable structure. When casting, zamak 12 may be less flexible, yet it is most suitable for heavy-duty use.

Many industries select Zamak 12 when parts are expected to be worn over a long period. For instance, they are found in pump housings and die-casts used in power tools that must handle continual wear.

Using Zamak 12 requires a bit more effort in production, but its toughness is very valuable for some appliances.

ザマックが他の合金より優れている理由は？

Different materials for casting are compared by considering cost, their effectiveness, how easy they are to handle and their durability. All of these characteristics explain why zamak metal is favored.

It is simpler and less energy-consuming to cast zamak at lower temperatures which means the tools last longer. Since the surface is smooth, you need less time and work to finish it, saving on related costs.

Furthermore, each of zamak 3, zamak 5 and zamak 12 are created for particular applications. There is a zamak alloy for every need, including affordability, strength or durability.

ザマック成分規格表

With this table, your readers can see how the chemical elements differ in each grade of Zamak. I can create a similar table with mechanical properties (for example, strength and hardness) or with information about how these metals are used.

ザマック・メタルが好まれる理由

1.優れた鋳造性

What makes Zamak metal remarkable is that it can fill detailed molds with no problems. Since the metal melts at a relatively low temperature, it can be shaped into intricate objects for casting. As a result, manufacturers can output smaller parts that require minimal cleanup and cost less to make.

2.滑らかな仕上げ

The finish of Zamak after casting is even and clean. Because of this, applying a coat or polish is usually unnecessary. Therefore, Zamak is often selected for decorative parts, home items, and purposes where what something looks like matters just as much as what it does.

3.パワーと耐久性を持つ

Zamak 5 and Zamak 12 have strong mechanical characteristics. They are suitable for parts that are used regularly because they are strong and moderately hard. They may not be as durable as steel, but they are effective for several uses.

4.耐食性（適切に処理された場合）

Even if they are subject to some corrosion, Zamak performs well where the environment can be managed. Upon coating the steel with nickel, chrome, or similar materials, the toughness of the material increases significantly. So, Zamak can be used inside and for simple outdoor uses.

5.リサイクルと省エネルギーの能力

Using zamak for manufacturing is proven to be eco-friendly. You can fully recycle plastic, and it remains the same after it is melted and reused. Additionally, since aluminum melts at a low temperature, its casting process uses less energy, which benefits both the economy and the environment.

ザマックメタルの課題

1.熱に弱い

Zamak does not do well when exposed to very high temperatures. It slowly weakens as it is exposed to temperatures above 100–120°C (212–248°F). Thus, learners should know that ceramic is not useful for engine parts or machinery exposed to extreme heat.

2.アルミニウムより重い

Zamak is slightly denser than aluminum. Products in the aerospace or portable electronics industries that require lightness are likely improved using different materials, as Zamak is heavy. Aluminum or composite material is generally the most common choice in such applications.

3.過酷な条件から保護されなければならない。

Zamak exhibits only a little corrosion resistance. If not painted outside in humid conditions, it will form white rust or small pits on the surface. With this problem, Zamak components should be plated or painted to help safeguard the environment.

4.一部のグレードは脆い

Zamak 12, along with others in this series, tends to be stronger but also more prone to breaking because there is more aluminum content. Consequently, the material isn’t suitable for objects that will experience many bends or flexes. Choosing the proper alloy for the design ensures the metal does not fracture or fall apart.

5.引張強さは鋼鉄より小さい。

Zamak doesn’t possess the same tensile strength as metals made from stainless steel or titanium. Appropriate materials can be chosen when the load or impact resistance needs to be at its highest.

環境への配慮

These days, manufacturing companies need to place greater emphasis on sustainability. Recyclability means Zamak metal is an environmentally friendly material for companies to use. After die-casting, any extra materials are collected and then melted down, which helps save costs by reducing waste.

Due to its low melting point, zamak casting saves manufacturers on energy use. As a result, zamak is safe to use and at the same time, it benefits the environment.

結論

When it comes to engineered materials, Zamak metal is a popular choice for many reasons. Zamak 3, 5, and 12, the most common types, are all valuable to the manufacturing business and have their own qualities.

From cars to TVs, from clothing to chairs, zamak is valued for being both effective and economical. Because it can be reused and recycled, this material is seen as an important fit for the future of industry.

When you need an effective, flexible alloy, zamak metal is definitely worth considering, since it has been used in die casting for many years.

よくある質問

ザマックメタルの用途は？

Due to its strength, excellent finish, and affordable price, Zamak metal is often used for die casting in making automobile parts, cases for electronics, accessories for furniture, and common consumer goods.

ザマック3とザマック5はどう違うのですか？

Besides being widely used, Zamak 3 provides good casting and a smooth coating on its finished pieces. With the addition of copper, Zamak 5 becomes more durableand harderd but a little less flexible.

ザマックメタル仕上げは安定したままですか？

Zamak is well known for being a durable material. Grades such as Zamak 5 and 12 show excellent resistance to corrosion, strength, and wear.

ザマック・メタルはリサイクルできますか？

Absolutely. This material can be recycled. Any unnecessary metal ends up being remelted, so this is an environmentally safe way to manufacture metal.

ストレスの多い状況に最適なザマックのグレードはどれですか？

Zamak 12 is the right choice for parts used in highly stressed areas. Although casting is more difficult than with other zinc alloys, this alloy is more durable.